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กำลังโหลด
กำลังโหลด
The complete Thai writing system: 44 consonants organized by class, 33 vowel patterns, and 5 tones with 4 tone marks.
Thai consonants are divided into three classes — mid, high, and low — which determine the tone of a syllable. Click any consonant for details.
Thai vowels appear in six positions around the consonant: after, above, below, before, split (around), and compound forms. Short/long pairs determine syllable type.
| Pattern | Example | Sound | Length | Placement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -ะ | กะ | a | Short | after |
| -า | กา | aa | Long | after |
| -ิ | กิ | i | Short | above |
| -ี | กี | ii | Long | above |
| -ึ | กึ | ue | Short | above |
| -ือ | กือ | uee | Long | above |
| -ุ | กุ | u | Short | below |
| -ู | กู | uu | Long | below |
| เ-ะ | เกะ | e | Short | split |
| เ- | เก | ee | Long | before |
| แ-ะ | แกะ | ae | Short | split |
| แ- | แก | aee | Long | before |
| โ-ะ | โกะ | o | Short | split |
| โ- | โก | oo | Long | before |
| เ-าะ | เกาะ | aw | Short | split |
| -อ | กอ | aw | Long | after |
| เ-อะ | เกอะ | er | Short | split |
| เ-อ | เกอ | er | Long | split |
| เ-ียะ | เกียะ | ia | Short | split |
| เ-ีย | เกีย | ia | Long | split |
| เ-ือะ | เกือะ | uea | Short | split |
| เ-ือ | เกือ | uea | Long | split |
| -ัวะ | กัวะ | ua | Short | after |
| -ัว | กัว | ua | Long | after |
| -ำ | กำ | am | Short | after |
| ไ- | ไก | ai | Long | before |
| ใ- | ใก | ai | Long | before |
| เ-า | เกา | ao | Long | split |
| -ั- | กัน | a (short, with final) | Short | above |
| ฤ | ฤ | rue | Short | after |
| ฤๅ | ฤๅ | ruee | Long | after |
| ฦ | ฦ | lue | Short | after |
| ฦๅ | ฦๅ | luee | Long | after |
Thai is a tonal language with 5 tones. The same syllable pronounced with different tones carries different meanings.
A flat, neutral tone at a comfortable mid-pitch. No rise or fall.
Starts low and stays low. Slightly flat and subdued, like a quiet statement.
Starts high then drops. Like English when expressing disappointment: "Oh..."
Starts at a high pitch and stays high, slightly rising. Energetic and bright.
Starts low then rises upward. Like English when asking a yes/no question.
mai ek
First tone mark. Produces low tone with mid-class consonants, low tone with high-class, and falling tone with low-class.
mai tho
Second tone mark. Produces falling tone with mid- and high-class consonants, and high tone with low-class.
mai tri
Third tone mark. Produces high tone. Used only with mid-class consonants.
mai chattawa
Fourth tone mark. Produces rising tone. Used only with mid-class consonants.
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